Mooney struck twice to end a 13-match run as Swindon came from behind to regain their place in the top six.
The former Aston Villa and Birmingham striker scored a superb first half goal to cancel out James Hayter's fifth minute opener.
Mooney expertly controlled Brian Howard's long throw before turning to smash the ball past Bournemouth goalkeeper Neil Moss from 12 yards and end more than two months of frustration.
Hayter had put Bournemouth in front with their first goal for close to nine hours, volleying past Swindon goalkeeper Rhys Evans after racing onto Gareth O'Connor's free-kick.
Mooney ended Bournemouth's hopes of recording a first win in seven games when he tapped home the winner ten minutes from time.
The 32-year-old poked the ball in from two yards out after strike partner Sam Parkin's header had been saved by Moss.
Mooney afterwards said: "I was starting to get frustrated.
"This is the worst run I have ever been through in front of goal and is something I have never experienced before.
"At 32 you don't get too many experiences and this is not one I want to repeat.
"The other players have all been very supportive and hopefully this can be the start of another good run." Aggrieved Bournemouth boss, Sean O'Driscoll moaned: "I cannot ask any more of my players.
"That is the best we've played for several weeks and more like we are used to.
"Swindon had a game plan and it worked for large periods but we deserved something from the game.
"We are not in a great run of form at the moment but as long as we keep playing like that the points will soon start to flow."